External ADC Question

zekageri
Posts: 43
Joined: Mon Sep 03, 2018 11:04 am

External ADC Question

Postby zekageri » Wed Nov 06, 2019 1:24 pm

Is anybody used an external adc with esp32?
I want to use the MCP33131D SPI adc.
https://www.microchip.com/wwwproducts/en/MCP33131D-10
Any toughts?

idahowalker
Posts: 166
Joined: Wed Aug 01, 2018 12:06 pm

Re: External ADC Question

Postby idahowalker » Wed Nov 06, 2019 4:47 pm

How is it better then
The ESP32 integrates two 12-bit SAR (Successive Approximation Register) ADCs supporting a total of 18 measurement channels (analog enabled pins).
https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp ... s/adc.html
?

zekageri
Posts: 43
Joined: Mon Sep 03, 2018 11:04 am

Re: External ADC Question

Postby zekageri » Thu Nov 07, 2019 12:06 pm

ESP's internal ADC is crap in itself.
I can not measure properly in it.
I was used the adc1 with i2s dma before, and the signal was noisy A.F.
I realized that i need to pull the gpio36 and 39 down because of the noise.
So i lost two pins because of just that.
After that i realized that if i get any interrupt on any of the ADC1 pins, the i2s goes crazy.
So if i want to read analog values with the internal adc i have to use all the channels just for that.
This is not satisfying at all.

idahowalker
Posts: 166
Joined: Wed Aug 01, 2018 12:06 pm

Re: External ADC Question

Postby idahowalker » Thu Nov 07, 2019 4:04 pm

I get great results from the built in A:D's

and an example of the way I am using the ADC.

Code: Select all

#include <driver/adc.h>

setup()
{
 // https://dl.espressif.com/doc/esp-idf/latest/api-reference/peripherals/adc.html
  // set up A:D channels
  adc1_config_width(ADC_WIDTH_12Bit);
  adc1_config_channel_atten(ADC1_CHANNEL_6, ADC_ATTEN_DB_11);
  //  adc1_config_width(ADC_WIDTH_12Bit);
  //  adc1_config_channel_atten(ADC1_CHANNEL_1, ADC_ATTEN_11db);
  /*
     When VDD_A is 3.3V: 11dB attenuation (ADC_ATTEN_11db) gives full-scale voltage 3.3V
  */
}
////
void TaskAnalogVoltRead_LIDAR( void *pvParameters )
{
  // String localBuffer;
  // localBuffer.reserve ( StringBufferSize300 );
  int iBit = 1;
  float ADbits = 4095.0f;
  float offSET = 1.0f;
  float r1 = 100800.0f; // R1 in ohm, 100k = 100,800.0 //
  float r2 = 38780.0f; // R2 in ohm, 38k = 38000.0 //actual 38780K
  float uPvolts = 3.3f;
  // ADC1 channel 0 is GPIO36
  // ADC1 channel 1 is GPIO37
  // ADC1 channel 6 is GPIO34
  // https://dl.espressif.com/doc/esp-idf/latest/api-reference/peripherals/adc.html
  // to get resistor R2 go to:
  // http://www.ohmslawcalculator.com/voltage-divider-calculator
  //   used 12 volts for the input voltage to calculate R2, used 100K for R1
  for (;;)
  {
    // group handle, WaitForBits, ClearOnExitBit, WaitForAllBits, TicksToWait
    xEventGroupWaitBits( eg, evtAnalogVoltReadTask_LIDAR, pdTRUE, pdTRUE, portMAX_DELAY );
    //    // read the input
    iBit = iBit << 1;
    //    //    Serial.println ( iBit );
    if ( iBit == 1073741824 )
    {
      if ( xSemaphoreTake( sema_AnalogVoltRead_LIDAR, xSemaphoreTicksToWait ) == pdTRUE )
      {
        ptrVbatt_LIDAR[0] += ( ((( uPvolts * adc1_get_raw(ADC1_CHANNEL_6)) / ADbits) / r2 * ( r1 + r2)) + offSET );
        ptrVbatt_LIDAR[0] = ptrVbatt_LIDAR[0] / 2; // average readings
      } // if ( xSemaphoreTake( sema_AnalogVoltRead_LIDAR, xSemaphoreTicksToWait ) == pdTRUE )
      iBit = 1;
    } // if ( iBit == 1073741824 )
  }
  vTaskDelete( NULL );
}

knightridar
Posts: 32
Joined: Sun Nov 25, 2018 10:05 pm
Contact:

Re: External ADC Question

Postby knightridar » Fri Nov 08, 2019 1:51 am

I just posted some code for ADC readings for the ESP32.
It takes values from an array and smooths them out.
viewtopic.php?f=18&t=13053

I get good results after smoothing out the values and using 0.1 uF capacitors.
See this in Espressif documentation:
https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp ... s/adc.html

Multisampling and capacitors help a lot.

Idahowalker's advice that I got a while back about using the code in post I mentioned above is also good versus using analogRead commands of Arduino IDE.
Attachments
Photodiodes ADC values with .1 uF capacitors.jpg
Photodiodes ADC values with .1 uF capacitors.jpg (2.43 MiB) Viewed 10923 times
Free CAD files for hobby and engineering projects:
https://grabcad.com/has-2

idahowalker
Posts: 166
Joined: Wed Aug 01, 2018 12:06 pm

Re: External ADC Question

Postby idahowalker » Fri Nov 08, 2019 2:17 pm

Also, I found that by sampling the ADC regularly once a mS or so, and applying the Simple Kalman filter to the results https://github.com/denyssene/SimpleKalmanFilter, the output gets real smooth. Even if the A:D converter values are not displayed regularly, like once a second, getting several readings per second and apply the simple Kalman with each sampling does a real good job.

The simple Kalman results are better with an accurate time between iterations.

Here

Code: Select all

SimpleKalmanFilter X_KF( (float)iX_Posit90, (float)iX_Posit90, float(ServoDelay12mS) / 1000.0f );
I use the time of task iteration.

Here I use the 64 bit ESP32 uS clock to get time iterations.

Code: Select all

void fDo_AudioReadFreq( void *pvParameters )
{
  int64_t EndTime = esp_timer_get_time();
  int64_t StartTime = esp_timer_get_time(); //gets time in uSeconds like Arduino Micros
  for (;;)
  {
    xEventGroupWaitBits (eg, evtDo_AudioReadFreq, pdTRUE, pdTRUE, portMAX_DELAY);
    EndTime = esp_timer_get_time() - StartTime;
// the other code stuff thing do's
// and more code thing do's
// and even more code thing do's
    StartTime = esp_timer_get_time();
    // }
  }
  vTaskDelete( NULL );
} // fDo_ AudioReadFreq( void *pvParameters )

zekageri
Posts: 43
Joined: Mon Sep 03, 2018 11:04 am

Re: External ADC Question

Postby zekageri » Mon Nov 11, 2019 9:50 am

I was using the adc with i2s dma. My code looks like this:

I2S config:

Code: Select all

void configure_i2s(){
  //pinMode(36,INPUT);
  i2s_config_t i2s_config = 
    {
    .mode = (i2s_mode_t)(I2S_MODE_MASTER | I2S_MODE_RX | I2S_MODE_ADC_BUILT_IN),  // I2S receive mode with ADC
    .sample_rate = 144444,                                             // sample rate
    .bits_per_sample = I2S_BITS_PER_SAMPLE_16BIT,                                 // 16 bit I2S
    .channel_format = I2S_CHANNEL_FMT_ONLY_LEFT, //I2S_CHANNEL_FMT_ALL_LEFT,                                   // only the left channel
    .communication_format = (i2s_comm_format_t)(I2S_COMM_FORMAT_I2S | I2S_COMM_FORMAT_I2S_MSB),   // I2S format
    .intr_alloc_flags = 0,                                                        // none
    .dma_buf_count = 2,                                                           // number of DMA buffers
    .dma_buf_len = 1024,                                                   // number of samples
    .use_apll = 0,                                                                // no Audio PLL
  };
  adc1_config_channel_atten(ADC_CHANNEL, ADC_ATTEN_11db);
  adc1_config_width(ADC_WIDTH_12Bit);
  i2s_driver_install(I2S_NUM_0, &i2s_config, 0, NULL);

  i2s_set_adc_mode(ADC_UNIT_1, ADC_CHANNEL);
  SET_PERI_REG_MASK(SYSCON_SARADC_CTRL2_REG, SYSCON_SARADC_SAR1_INV);
  i2s_adc_enable(I2S_NUM_0);
  vTaskDelay(3000/portTICK_RATE_MS);
  }
Read from DMA BUFFER and plot the results to web:

Code: Select all

static const inline void Plot_DMA_Buffer(){
  int Vmax = 0;
  int Vmin = 4095;
  uint16_t Buffer[NUM_SAMPLES];
  for(int i = 0;i<NUM_SAMPLES;i++){
    Buffer[i] = i2s_read_buff[i];
  if(i != NUM_SAMPLES)
  {
    if((i2s_read_buff[i]<i2s_read_buff[i+1])&&i2s_read_buff[i]<Vmin){
      if(constrain(i2s_read_buff[i],Vmin-300,Vmin+300)){
        Vmin = i2s_read_buff[i];
      }
    }else if((i2s_read_buff[i]>i2s_read_buff[i+1])&&i2s_read_buff[i]>Vmax){
      if(constrain(i2s_read_buff[i],Vmax-300,Vmax+300)){
        Vmax = i2s_read_buff[i];
      }
    }
  }
  }
  int Vamp = (Vmax) - (Vmin);
  if(millis() - Start_Millis >= 1000){
    Start_Millis = millis();
    Send_Amplitude(Vamp);
    if(olvasunk_e){
      for(int k = 0;k<NUM_SAMPLES;k++){
        if(!olvasunk_e){
          break;
        }else{
          String data = (String)Buffer[k]+"}";
          webSocket.broadcastTXT(data.c_str(), data.length());
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Code: Select all

static const inline void Base_Setups_Core1(){
    Serial.begin(115200);
    SPIFFS.begin() ? Serial.println("SPIFFS.OK") : Serial.println("SPIFFS.FAIL");
    configure_i2s();

    /** Ethernet wifi stack **/
    WiFi.onEvent(WiFiEvent);
    ETH_begin();
    ethernet.config(ip1, nm1, gw1);
    TCP_Requests();
    server.begin();
    ws.onEvent(onWsEvent);
    server.addHandler(&ws);
    External_Interrupts();
    xTaskCreatePinnedToCore ( loop0, "v_getIMU0", 1024, NULL, 0, &TaskHandle_1, 1 );
    xTaskCreatePinnedToCore ( loop1, "v_getIMU1", 15048, NULL, 0, &TaskHandle_2, 0 );
}

static const inline void Main_Loop(){
  if(!Ota_is_Started){
     Plot_DMA_Buffer();                            // RETRIVE DATA FROM i2s_read_buff FOR CALCULATION AND VISUALIZATION / COMPUTE THE AVERAGE AMPLITUDE
  }
}

static void loop0(void * pvParameters){
  for( ;; ){    
        i2s_read(I2S_NUM_0, (char*)i2s_read_buff,NUM_SAMPLES * sizeof(uint16_t), &bytes_read, portMAX_DELAY);
  }
}
The problem with this is that i can not do anything on that core. And the results are noisy.
I don't know how the task semaphores or the task events are working. :(

User avatar
jgustavoam
Posts: 117
Joined: Thu Feb 01, 2018 2:43 pm
Location: Belo Horizonte , Brazil
Contact:

Re: External ADC Question

Postby jgustavoam » Wed Jan 15, 2020 12:06 pm

Hi,
If you are interested, take a look at my project.

ESP32 Digital Voltmeter
https://www.elektormagazine.com/labs/es ... -voltmeter
https://github.com/Gustavomurta/ESP32-DVM

ESP32 - Digital Voltmeter using old style ADC conversion method. High precision, good stability , negative and positive Voltages !
Range -2V to +2V . Method of Voltage measurement - Dual slope integrating ADC conversion. Sample rate = 12 samples/sec.

TLC7135 is a high precision monolithic 4 1/2 digit A/D converter. Dual slope conversion reliability
is combined with ±1 in 20,000 count accuracy and a 2.0000V full scale capability. It features high impedance differential inputs, nearly ideal differential linearity, true ratiometric operation, auto zero and auto-polarity.
Retired IBM Brasil
Electronic hobbyist since 1976.

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